If Someone Needs Help in the Water

View along the shoreline towards a town and pier

Take a Moment to Pause and Look Around
If you notice someone struggling, it can help to take a breath and look at what’s happening before acting. A calm approach often leads to safer decisions for everyone. You might want to consider:

  • how far the person is from shore
  • whether they seem able to float, are panicking, or are going under
  • what rescue aids are nearby
  • where the safest exit point might be

Reaching Out for Help Early
If someone appears to be in difficulty, it’s usually a good idea to call for help sooner rather than later. Even if you think you might be able to assist, having emergency services on the way can make a real difference.

At the coast: you can ask for the Coastguard
Inland (rivers, lakes): you can ask for Fire and Rescue

If you’re unsure, something simple like “Someone is in the water and needs help” gives the operator what they need to route the call.

Sharing Useful Information
When speaking to emergency services, keeping things clear and simple can help them respond quickly. You might mention:

  • what has happened
  • how many people are involved
  • whether they are conscious or responsive
  • whether anyone is attempting a rescue
  • any hazards you can see (currents, waves, cold, steep banks)

Helping Them Find You
Pinpointing your location can be one of the most helpful things you can do. You could look for:

  • nearby landmarks, signs, slipways, bridges, or beach access numbers
  • coded markers at beach entrances
  • the nearest road or car park
  • a precise location from a phone app (e.g., What3Words), while keeping in mind it’s best not to rely on it alone

If you’re with others, someone can head to the nearest access point to guide responders in.

Using Your Voice to Support Them
Clear, calm guidance can sometimes make a big difference. Many people in difficulty can still respond if they hear a steady voice. Short, simple phrases often work best, such as:

  • “Try floating on your back”
  • “Kick gently”
  • “I’m throwing something - grab it if you can”

Keeping Yourself Safe Too
It’s natural to want to help, but going into the water without a plan can put you at risk as well. Your safety is part of the rescue. You might find it helpful to:

  • keep something buoyant between you and the person
  • avoid direct contact unless you’re trained
  • stay in your depth if possible
  • keep your exit route in sight